Liquid fuel for internal-combustion engines.



No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE EDWARD 'HEYL and THOMAS THORNE BAKER, subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing at Kings House, Kingsway, London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid Fuel for Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, and its object is to produce a liquid fuel mixture with gasolene, kerosene oil or other mineral oil liquid fuels or motor spirits, which mixture provides a combined fuel vapor which is more readily ignitible than the vapor of the hyd ocarbon liquid alone, whereby the vapor of a motor spirit of heavier specific gravity can be caused to ignite as readily as the vapor of an ordinary motor spirit of lighter specific gravity.

The liquid fuel, according to the invention, consists of the middle distillates, which are also known as sharp oils, of coal tar or analogous tars, which are distilled from tar from 170 C.230 (3., from which the naphthalene and tar acids have been al- 1 most entirely removed. These middle distillates normally contain up to 27% by volume of naphthalene and about 6.5% of tar acids, such as cresols and phenols, and without treatment for the approximate removal of these substances, are not suitable for use in a fuel mixture in internal combustion engines. It is therefore necessary to remove excess of naphthalene so that the liquid remains free from any deposit of naphthalene at 5 (3., and becomes a substance which completely vaporizes, and which burns in an internal combustion enme. 7 g The combustion of the vaporizedoil is rendered much more perfect and the formation of smoke and smell is avoided, by re moving the tar acids down to for instance by washing or by an ordinary neutralization process. The treated tar oils when mixed with gasolene, kerosene oil or other hydrocarbon liquid fuel for internal ,combustion engmes give a mixed vapor,

-,Whicl 1 when mixed with air ignites under "the action of an electric spark more readily and quicker than the separate vapors of either such tar oils or liquid fuels mixed with air. a l

The admixture of the treated tar oils with Specification of Letters Patent.

GEORGE EDWARD HEYL AND THOMAS THORNE BAKER, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

Patented Feb. 15, rate.

Application filed December 8, 1914. Serial No. 876,065.

mineral oil, such as a petroleum oil, causes a precipitate tobecome deposited, and consequently with a mixture of the tar oils and a mineral Oll liquid fuel the carbureter jet of the engine is liable to become clogged unless the precipitate has beenpreviously removed. Hence,unless previously precipi tated from the tar oils by the admixture therewith of a moderate quantity of mineral oil, the precipitate which is formed is removed from the liquid by filtration, prior to using the mixture in an internal combustion en- 'gine. The treated tar oils are preferably manner in which coal-tar middle oil can be prepared for use in a fuel mixture for internal combustion engines is as follows: Or-

dinary middle oil, distilled from coal tar i between 170 C.230 C., is mixed with 10-30% of caustic soda in an aqueous solution, allowed to stand and separated, and is then washed with Zr-5% of sulfuric acid. The oil is then washed with water and subsequently decanted off and cooled to 4C. When the oil has stood a sufficient period for all the naphthalene which will crystallize out at this temperature to have crystallized out, the oil is either pressed out or decanted.

We claim e 1. A liquid fuel for internal combustion engines consisting of the middle oils of coal tar or analogous tars, from which the naphthalene and tar acids have been almost ontirely removed, mixed with a mineral oil liquid fuel, and freed from deposited matter.

2. A liquid fuel for internal combustion engines consisting of the middle oils of coal tar or analogous tars, from which the naphthale'ne and tar acids have been almost entirely removed, mixed with gasolene, and freed from deposited matter.

3. A liquid fuel for internal combustion engines consisting of the middle oil of coal tar distilled-from tar between temperatures of 170 C.-230 (3., said tar being that from which the naphthalene and tar acids have been substantially removed and mixed with a mineral oil liquid fuel.

4. A fuel liquid for internal combustion engines consisting of the middle distillates of coal tar from which the naphthalene and tar acids have been almost entirely removed and a precipitate has been deposited by the addition of a moderate quantity of mineral oil and a larger quantity of mineral oil liquid mixed therewith.

5. A liquid fuel mixture for internal combustion engines consisting of the middle distillates of coal tar or analogous tars from which the naphthalene and tar acids have been almost entirely removed, such middle distillates being those containing up to by volume of naphthalene and about 6.5% of tar acids, such as cresols, phenols, said naphthalene being removed from said middle distillates so that the liquid remains free from any deposits of naphthalene at 5 (3., and becomes a substance which completely vaporizes and burns in an internal combustion engine, the tar acids being re moved down to by Washing or by neutralization and a hydrocarbon liquid fuel mixed with said treated tar oils whereby a fuel is produced which when mixed with air ignites under the action of an electric spark more readily and quicker than the vapors of either of such tar oils or liquid fuels separately.

6. A liquid fuel mixture for internal combustion engines, consisting of the middle distillates of coal tar or analogous tars from which the naphthalene and tar acids have been almost entirely removed, mixed with a mineral oil liquid fuel, the said parts being mixed in the proportions of from -50% of the tar oils to 75-50% of the gasolene or the like mineral oils.

7. A liquid fuel mixture for internal combustion engines, consisting of the middle distillates of coal tar or analogous tars from which the naphthalene and tar acids have been almost entirely removed and a precipitate has been deposited by the addition of a moderate quantity of mineral oil, mixed with a mineral oil liquid fuel to the proportion of 33?;% of tar oil to 66%% of mineral oil.

In testimony whereof'we afiix our signatures in presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE EDWARD HEYL. THOMAS THORNE BAKER. Witnesses:

R. S. SMITH, E. C. WALKER. 

